ACTUAL MACROECONOMIC INDICATORS *
EXPORT AND IMPORT OF GOODS

The indicators characterizing exports and imports of the Republic of Bulgaria are based on summarized data from SAD (Single Administrative Document). Foreign trade transactions for which SAD is not required, but which are subject of recording by foreign trade statistics (e.g. state foreign trade, bunkering, natural gas and electricity), are also included. For these activities statistical survey has been organized.
Since January 1, 1999 foreign trade statistics apply Special System of Trade in reporting trade flows.
The criteria to refer the foreign trade transactions to a given year is the date of issuing of a SAD.
The data on foreign trade statistics cover exports of goods for consumption into the country of destination; imports of goods for domestic consumption into the country; temporary imports and exports of goods before and after processing.
Exports and imports do not include: exported and imported goods, sold on consignation basis; transit of goods; household goods and means of transportation of emigrants/immigrants, personal effects and belongings of travellers according to the Customs rules; luggage and goods (personal and business) designated for the Bulgarian and foreign embassies, legations and consulates; gifts.
Re-exports refer to all foreign goods that our country has bought from one country and sold to another.
Reporting of trade commodity flows is organized according to the National Customs Tariff based on Harmonized System of Commodity Description and Combined Nomenclature. This allows mirror comparisons between countries.


EXPORTS AND IMPORTS FOR JANUARY - APRIL 2004*

MONTHS

EXPORT-FOB

IMPORT-CIF

IMPORT-FOB

TRADE BALANCE FOB/FOB

mln.
levs

mln.
USD

mln.
levs

mln.
USD

mln.
levs

mln.
USD

mln.
levs

mln.
USD

January

978.7

620.6

1 385.8

878.9

1 280.9

812.4

-302.2

-191.8

February

1 138.5

733.9

1 541.2

993.4

1 422.9

917.2

-284.4

-183.3

March

1 242.9

813.4

1 790.2

1 171.3

1 651.9

1 080.8

-409.0

-267.4

January - March

3 360.1

2 167.8

4 717.2

3 043.6

4 355.6

2 810.4

-995.5

-642.6

April

1 169.1

729.0

1 835.2

1 144.4

1 692.4

1 055.4

-523.3

-326.4

January - April

4 529.2

2 896.9

6 552.4

4 188.0

6 048.1

3 865.8

-1 518.9

-968.9

 

* Data are preliminary

 

 

EXPORTS AND IMPORTS FOR THE PERIOD
JANUARY - DECEMBER 2003*

Exports and Imports by Groups of Countries and Main
Trade Partners for the Period January - December 2002 and 2003*

(mln.USD)

 

Countries and groups of countries

Export-FOB

Import-CIF

2002

2003

2003/2002
%

2002

2003

2003/2002
%

TOTAL

5 692.1

7 438.5

130.7

7 903.4

10 742.0

135.9

Central and Eastern European countries

689.2

945.2

137.1

639.5

960.6

150.2

Albania

40.3

30.0

74.4

0.2

0.2

100.0

Bosna and Herzegovina

10.6

9.7

91.5

0.9

0.7

77.8

Croatia

15.9

42.6

267.9

14.1

30.3

214.9

Czech Republic

27.6

41.6

150.7

122.6

174.7

142.5

Estonia

2.5

4.9

196.0

0.3

1.2

400.0

Hungary

38.2

61.8

161.8

100.1

133.4

133.3

Latvia

6.7

8.6

128.4

1.0

1.5

150.0

Lithuania

8.2

10.6

129.3

5.5

13.0

236.4

Poland

41.0

61.2

149.3

99.5

151.3

152.1

Romania

158.7

226.9

143.0

162.9

260.1

159.7

Slovakia

17.9

17.7

98.9

45.1

70.7

156.8

Slovenia

24.4

28.7

117.6

45.4

66.0

145.4

Republic of Macedonia

123.9

152.3

122.9

17.9

23.6

131.8

Yugoslavia, FR

173.3

248.6

143.5

24.0

33.9

141.3

CIS

238.8

264.1

110.6

1 452.6

1 908.5

131.4

   of which:

Russian Fed.

91.5

103.8

113.4

1 146.6

1 348.8

117.6

Ukraine

52.9

58.5

110.6

245.5

342.4

139.5

OECD

1 099.6

1 325.3

120.5

1 229.4

1 904.7

154.9

   of which:

Turkey

530.1

679.5

128.2

390.3

657.6

168.5

USA

270.5

331.4

122.5

172.2

272.8

158.4

EU

3 165.9

4 211.3

133.0

3 967.0

5 321.1

134.1

Austria

95.5

150.8

157.9

165.3

235.3

142.3

Belgium

275.1

453.5

164.8

110.9

145.9

131.6

Denmark

25.9

28.5

110.0

62.6

71.1

113.6

Finland

8.9

11.0

123.6

35.9

37.8

105.3

France

303.0

378.0

124.8

445.0

606.1

136.2

Germany

542.7

802.4

147.9

1 128.3

1 533.6

135.9

Greece

521.2

772.8

148.3

475.7

712.6

149.8

Ireland

10.9

13.8

126.6

19.7

23.0

116.8

Italy

874.9

1 041.7

119.1

893.9

1 099.6

123.0

Luxembourg

2.9

1.7

58.6

3.1

4.5

145.2

Netherlands

101.9

114.1

112.0

159.6

191.1

119.7

Portugal

15.4

14.3

92.9

23.2

30.0

129.3

Spain

191.9

203.1

105.8

153.8

239.7

155.9

Sweden

30.4

37.0

121.7

83.3

123.4

148.1

United Kingdom

165.3

188.6

114.1

206.7

267.4

129.4

EFTA

103.4

59.7

57.7

107.9

132.8

123.1

Candidate countries

892.2

1 174.2

131.6

976.0

1 535.9

157.4

Countries not included
in the upper groups

586.1

841.9

143.6

978.3

1 169.7

119.6

   of which:

Egypt

27.9

43.5

155.9

4.0

4.8

120.0

Algeria

29.7

16.6

55.9

0.5

0.1

20.0

Syria

17.9

12.3

68.7

29.1

26.3

90.4

Israel

43.4

38.7

89.2

18.5

19.4

104.9

China

12.4

60.3

486.3

137.4

279.0

203.1

Taiwan

10.8

15.2

140.7

48.1

72.2

150.1

Indonesia

3.1

8.4

271.0

74.8

101.8

136.1

Brazil

15.0

19.7

131.3

71.5

117.0

163.6

 

(mln. levs)

 

Countries and groups of countries

Export-FOB

Import-CIF

2002

2003

2003/2002
%

2002

2003

2003/2002
%

TOTAL

11 857.9

13 030.9

109.9

16 450.9

18 777.0

114.1

Central and Eastern European countries

1 433.5

1 652.6

115.3

1 329.7

1 675.3

126.0

Albania

83.5

52.3

62.6

0.3

0.4

133.3

Bosna and Herzegovina

22.2

16.8

75.7

1.8

1.2

66.7

Croatia

32.4

76.3

235.5

28.7

53.2

185.4

Czech Republic

57.7

73.0

126.5

255.7

304.9

119.2

Estonia

5.2

8.6

165.4

0.7

2.0

285.7

Hungary

79.6

108.1

135.8

209.6

233.0

111.2

Latvia

14.1

15.1

107.1

2.1

2.6

123.8

Lithuania

17.1

18.5

108.2

11.4

22.7

199.1

Poland

85.6

106.9

124.9

206.8

264.2

127.8

Romania

330.0

397.4

120.4

337.2

452.0

134.0

Slovakia

36.5

31.0

84.9

93.5

123.4

132.0

Slovenia

51.4

50.7

98.6

94.4

115.2

122.0

Republic of Macedonia

259.0

267.3

103.2

37.3

41.4

111.0

Yugoslavia, FR

359.2

430.6

119.9

50.2

59.1

117.7

CIS

498.2

463.1

93.0

3 047.9

3 334.6

109.4

   of which:

Russian Fed.

190.7

181.7

95.3

2 411.9

2 362.9

98.0

Ukraine

110.2

102.7

93.2

511.4

597.0

116.7

OECD

2 285.9

2 328.2

101.9

2 553.8

3 331.1

130.4

   of which:

Turkey

1 105.2

1 193.1

108.0

811.2

1 150.2

141.8

USA

558.1

584.4

104.7

356.8

479.7

134.4

EU

6 603.7

7 372.3

111.6

8 270.5

9 296.6

112.4

Austria

198.3

263.5

132.9

344.8

411.5

119.3

Belgium

569.3

791.5

139.0

231.3

255.5

110.5

Denmark

53.8

49.7

92.4

130.6

123.7

94.7

Finland

18.7

19.3

103.2

74.8

66.1

88.4

France

634.2

661.3

104.3

929.8

1 059.0

113.9

Germany

1 131.9

1 404.5

124.1

2 346.1

2 678.9

114.2

Greece

1 091.1

1 352.1

123.9

993.3

1 246.1

125.5

Ireland

22.6

24.0

106.2

41.3

40.0

96.9

Italy

1 827.7

1 828.9

100.1

1 865.3

1 920.0

102.9

Luxembourg

5.8

2.9

50.0

6.5

7.9

121.5

Netherlands

211.2

200.7

95.0

333.6

333.5

100.0

Portugal

31.1

25.0

80.4

48.5

52.7

108.7

Spain

399.8

354.2

88.6

320.3

418.0

130.5

Sweden

63.3

64.8

102.4

174.3

216.8

124.4

United Kingdom

344.9

329.9

95.7

430.0

466.9

108.6

EFTA

214.5

105.2

49.0

224.7

232.5

103.5

Candidate countries

1 861.1

2 059.8

110.7

2 029.4

2 681.3

132.1

Countries not included
in the upper groups

1 216.9

1 475.5

121.3

2 006.2

2 051.9

102.3

   of which:

Egypt

57.7

77.6

134.5

8.5

8.4

98.8

Algeria

60.5

29.2

48.3

1.2

0.2

16.7

Syria

37.7

21.5

57.0

58.5

48.8

83.4

Israel

90.0

67.4

74.9

39.1

34.2

87.5

China

26.1

106.5

408.0

285.3

485.7

170.2

Taiwan

22.7

26.6

117.2

100.2

126.0

125.7

Indonesia

6.4

14.6

228.1

152.2

177.0

116.3

Brazil

31.7

34.9

110.1

144.5

203.7

141.0

Exports and Imports by Sections of SITC, rev.3
for the Period January -December 2002 and 2003*

(mln.USD)

 

Sections by SITC

Export-FOB

Import - CIF

2002

2003

2003/2002 %

2002

2003

2003/2002
%

TOTAL

5 692.1

7 438.5

130.7

7 903.4

10 742.0

135.9

Food and live animals

475.0

495.8

104.4

356.6

468.9

131.5

Beverages and tobacco

132.1

154.2

116.7

48.4

45.6

94.2

Crude materials, inedible (exept fuel)

340.0

467.4

137.5

356.5

594.0

166.6

Mineral fuel, libricants and related materials

559.7

622.6

111.2

1 549.7

1 873.1

120.9

Animals and vegetable oils, fats and waxes

16.4

13.5

82.3

48.2

44.2

91.7

Chemical and related products n.e.c.

526.6

670.8

127.4

810.9

1 071.3

132.1

Manufactured goods classified chiefly by material

1 284.9

1 832.0

142.6

1 618.0

2 262.0

139.8

Machinery and transport equipment

708.2

970.0

137.0

2 179.5

3 086.4

141.6

Miscellaneous manufactured articles

1 553.5

2 140.6

137.8

781.1

1 083.4

138.7

Commodities and transactions n.e.c.

95.7

71.6

74.8

154.5

213.1

137.9

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(mln. levs)

 

Sections by SITC

Export-FOB

Import - CIF

2002

2003

2003/2002 %

2002

2003

2003/2002
%

TOTAL

11 857.9

13 030.9

109.9

16 450.9

18 777.0

114.1

Food and live animals

982.7

868.7

88.4

744.7

819.4

110.0

Beverages and tobacco

275.3

272.7

99.1

100.7

79.9

79.3

Crude materials, inedible (exept fuel)

709.2

817.1

115.2

733.7

1 041.0

141.9

Mineral fuel, libricants and related materials

1 161.3

1 088.1

93.7

3 219.6

3 283.4

102.0

Animals and vegetable oils, fats and waxes

33.1

23.7

71.6

102.3

77.6

75.9

Chemical and related products n.e.c.

1 104.2

1 179.5

106.8

1 692.1

1 874.7

110.8

Manufactured goods classified chiefly by material

2 676.8

3 206.6

119.8

3 375.4

3 948.4

117.0

Machinery and transport equipment

1 475.8

1 700.6

115.2

4 534.1

5 388.2

118.8

Miscellaneous manufactured articles

3 242.3

3 748.7

115.6

1 629.3

1 895.1

116.3

Commodities and transactions n.e.c.

197.2

125.2

63.5

319.0

369.3

115.8

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

* Data are preliminary


Published on 13.02.2004

 

FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS

 

FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS IN NON-FINANCIAL
ENTERPRISES BY ECONOMIC ACTIVITY GROUPINGS
ON CUMULATIVE BASIS AS OF 31.12.

(Thousand U.S. dollars)

 

 

Economic activity groupings

Foreign direct investments as of 31.12.2000

Foreign direct investments as of 31.12.2001

Foreign direct investments as of 31.12.2002

 

Total

1 944 326.8

2 524 385.8

3 506 761.9

AA

Agriculture, hunting and forestry

5 207.5

6 117.3

11 598.7

BB

Fishing

15.1

..

..

CA

Mining and quarrying of energy-producing materials

..

..

..

CB

Mining, except energy-producing materials

15 137.6

16 930.5

29 053.4

DA

Manufacture of food products, beverages and tobacco

347 944.5

370 693.8

411 811.0

DB

Manufacture of textiles and textile products

77 986.4

127 827.4

156 061.6

DC

Manufacture of leather and leather products

3 200.2

3 517.0

3 403.9

DD

Manufacture of wood and wood products

17 187.5

17 424.0

25 194.0

DE

Manufacture of pulp, paper and paper products; publishing and printing

..

..

..

DF

Manufacture of coke, refined petroleum products

..

..

15 270.6

DG

Manufacture of chemicals, products and man-made fibres

120 582.8

120 806.7

225 313.2

DH

Manufacture of rubber and plastic products

14 904.3

15 623.3

23 886.9

DI

Manufacture of other non-metallic mineral products

158 384.5

177 807.9

182 969.7

DJ

Manufacture of basic metals and fabricated metal products, except machinery

122 489.9

222 843.4

225 726.7

DK

Manufacture of machinery and equipment n.e.c.

91 121.9

105 647.2

142 603.6

DL

Manufacture of electrical and optical equipment

43 352.8

72 506.4

87 674.2

DM

Manufacture of transport equipment

10 545.0

18 631.0

32 250.3

DN

Manufacturing n.e.c.

3 240.8

12 970.2

10 386.8

EE

Electricity, gas and water supply

11 160.4

13 105.6

67 652.5

FF

Construction

40 761.6

45 396.1

33 479.1

GG

Trade and repair

383 864.9

508 455.4

591 895.2

HH

Hotels and restaurants

64 707.5

114 885.0

121 104.7

II

Transport and communication

228 789.6

339 337.4

658 590.2

KK

Real estate and business activities

164 814.6

217 201.2

386 714.5

MM

Education

..

686.3

3 301.1

NN

Health and social work

260.5

..

..

OO

Other activities

..

18 747.3

33 614.7

 

Note:

 

 

' .. ' - Confidential data

 

Foreign direct investments in non-financial enterprises are collected from annual statistical survey of NSI. For more data - web site of BNB.

 

Published on 05.01.2004

FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FLOWS IN
NON-FINANCIAL ENTERPRISES BY ECONOMIC
ACTIVITY GROUPINGS ON QUARTERS

(Thousand U.S. dollars)

 

Economic activity groupings

2003

2004

²
quarter

²²
quarter

²²²
quarter

IV
quarter

²
quarter

²²
quarter

²²I
quarter

²V
quarter

Total

80 376.7

245 832.2

71 754.3

-66 727.4

62 809.3

 

 

 

Agriculture, hunting and forestry

..

-

-

-2 053.3

..

 

 

 

Fishing

-

-

-

-

-

 

 

 

Mining and quarrying of energy-producing materials

-

..

..

..

..

 

 

 

Mining, except energy-producing materials

-

..

..

..

..

 

 

 

Manufacture of food products, beverages and tobacco

8 865.5

14 046.8

..

..

3 861.6

 

 

 

Manufacture of textiles and textile products

..

2 545.2

2 176.8

2 445.9

1 726.5

 

 

 

Manufacture of leather and leather products

..

..

-

-

177.7

 

 

 

Manufacture of wood and wood products

..

..

..

..

..

 

 

 

Manufacture of pulp, paper and paper products; publishing and printing

-78.0

..

20.5

..

..

 

 

 

Manufacture of coke, refined petroleum products

-

..

..

..

..

 

 

 

Manufacture of chemicals, products and man-made fibres

..

..

..

-

859.2

 

 

 

Manufacture of rubber and plastic products

..

..

..

1 187.0

..

 

 

 

Manufacture of other non-metallic mineral products

..

..

..

..

..

 

 

 

Manufacture of basic metals and fabricated metal products, except machinery

..

30 438.6

..

6 131.6

..

 

 

 

Manufacture of machinery and equipment n.e.c.

4 044.7

7 238.9

3 589.1

..

..

 

 

 

Manufacture of electrical and optical equipment

549.0

..

..

-5 302.2

..

 

 

 

Manufacture of transport equipment

..

..

..

..

..

 

 

 

Manufacturing n.e.c.

43.5

..

..

..

..

 

 

 

Electricity, gas and water supply

..

..

..

..

..

 

 

 

Construction

..

..

..

6 687.0

805.3

 

 

 

Trade and repair

19 763.3

..

..

21 384.3

..

 

 

 

Hotels and restaurants

825.5

..

376.1

817.0

..

 

 

 

Transport and communication

..

..

1 145.2

..

..

 

 

 

Real estate and business activities

8 983.3

1 923.5

..

6 041.5

..

 

 

 

Education

-

-

-

-

-

 

 

 

Health and social work

-

-

-

-

-

 

 

 

Other activities

..

-

..

-

..

 

 

 

 

Note:

 

 

Symbol ' .. ' - Confidential data

 

Symbol ' - ' - There are no change in foreign direct investments for the period.

 

Foreign direct investments flows in non-financial enterprises are collected from quarterly statistical survey of NSI. For more  data  - web site of BNB.

Published on 01.06.2004 Back     

GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, FIRST QUARTER OF 2004

(preliminary data)

 

 

First quarter of 2004

Value at current prices

Share

Volume indices, first quarter of 2003=100

in GVA

in GDP

Thousand Levs

%

%

%

1

Gross Value Added - GVA (2+3+4=5+6)

6 867 558

100.0

85.3

106.0

 

   by economic sector:

 

 

 

 

2

      Agriculture

447 146

6.5

5.6

101.2

3

      Industry

2 247 420

32.7

27.9

106.4

4

      Services

4 172 992

60.8

51.8

106.2

 

   by type of ownership:

 

 

 

 

5

      private

4 995 048

72.7

62.0

108.8

6

      public

1 872 510

27.3

23.3

99.0

7

Adjustments

1 187 926

 

14.7

101.3

8

Gross Domestic Product - GDP (1+7=9+12+15+18)

8 055 484

 

100.0

105.3

 

   by final use components:

 

 

 

 

9

      Final consumption (10+11)

7 333 879

 

91.1

105.2

10

         Individual

6 529 399

 

81.1

104.9

11

         Collective

804 480

 

10.0

106.9

12

      Gross capital formation (13+14)

1 796 540

 

22.3

.

13

         Gross fixed capital formation

1 505 894

 

18.7

121.4

14

         Change in inventories

290 646

 

3.6

.

15

      Balance (exports - imports) (16-17)

-1 068 402

 

-13.3

.

16

         Exports of goods and services

4 329 397

 

53.7

108.0

17

         Imports of goods and services

5 397 799

 

67.0

117.7

18

      Statistical discrepancy

-6 533

 

-0.1

.

Published on 21.06.2004

GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT,
FOURTH QUARTER OF 2003 AND 2003

(preliminary data)

 

 

Fourth quarter of 2003

2003

Value at current prices

Share

Volume indices, Fourth quarter of 2002=100

Value at current prices

Share

Volume indices, 2002=100

in GVA

in GDP

in GVA

in GDP

Thousand Levs

%

%

%

Thousand Levs

%

%

%

1

Gross Value Added (2+3+4=5+6)

8 390 647

100.0

88.2

104.4

30 088 868

100.0

87.4

104.0

 

   by economic sector:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2

      Agriculture

850 114

10.1

8.9

97.8

3 435 392

11.4

10.0

98.7

3

      Industry

2 381 289

28.4

25.0

110.1

9 020 113

30.0

26.2

107.1

4

      Services

5 159 244

61.5

54.3

103.0

17 633 363

58.6

51.2

103.5

 

   by type of ownership:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5

      private

5 926 115

70.6

62.3

104.0

22 054 548

73.3

64.1

105.6

6

      public

2 464 532

29.4

25.9

105.4

8 034 320

26.7

23.3

99.5

7

Adjustments

1 126 508

 

11.8

108.7

4 321 376

 

12.6

106.4

8

Gross Domestic Product (1+7=9+12+15+18)

9 517 155

 

100.0

104.9

34 410 244

 

100.0

104.3

 

   by final use components:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

9

      Final consumption (10+11)

8 839 294

 

92.9

107.0

30 303 448

 

88.1

106.6

10

          Individual

7 617 839

 

80.1

106.5

26 771 292

 

77.8

106.8

11

          Collective

1 221 455

 

12.8

110.2

3 532 156

 

10.3

104.9

12

      Gross capital formation (13+14)

2 437 591

 

25.6

.

7 476 192

 

21.7

.

13

         Gross fixed capital formation

2 180 441

 

22.9

110.0

6 733 096

 

19.5

113.8

14

         Change in inventories

257 150

 

2.7

.

743 096

 

2.2

.

15

      Balance (exports - imports) (16-17)

-1 756 000

 

-18.5

.

-3 355 987

 

-9.8

.

16

         Exports of goods and services

4 200 900

 

44.1

105.3

18 313 615

 

53.2

108.0

17

         Imports of goods and services

5 956 900

 

62.6

114.0

21 669 602

 

63.0

114.8

18

      Statistical discrepancy

-3 730

 

0.0

.

-13 409

 

0.0

.

Published on 29.03.2004

Gross Domestic Product By Regions For 2003 -
Preliminary Data

Planning Regions

Thousand Levs

Thousand US Dollars

Total

34 410 244

19 857 785

North-West

1 990 502

1 148 698

North Central

4 385 818

2 531 009

North-East

4 836 051

2 790 833

South-East

3 128 720

1 805 551

South Central

6 975 941

4 025 741

South-West

13 093 211

7 555 952

 

Gross Domestic Product Per Capita By Regions For 2003 -
Preliminary Data

Planning Regions

Levs

US Dollars

Total

4 398

2 538

North-West

3 848

2 221

North Central

3 739

2 158

North-East

3 749

2 163

South-East

3 983

2 299

South Central

3 576

2 064

South-West

6 214

3 586

 

Average Annual Rate Of Bulgarian National Bank - 1.5853614 Levs For 1 US Dollar

 

Gross Value Added By Economic Sector For 2003 -
Preliminary Data

Planning Regions

Agriculture
And Forestry

Industry

Services

Gross Value Added

Thousand Levs

Total

3 435 392

9 020 113

17 633 363

30 088 868

North-West

188 432

603 888

948 207

1 740 527

North Central

811 268

785 114

2 238 648

3 835 030

North-East

939 213

658 020

2 631 487

4 228 720

South-East

513 808

755 452

1 466 543

2 735 803

South Central

576 440

2 089 848

3 433 587

6 099 875

South-West

406 231

4 127 792

6 914 891

11 448 913

Structure - %

Total

11.4

30.0

58.6

100.0

North-West

10.8

34.7

54.5

100.0

North Central

21.2

20.5

58.4

100.0

North-East

22.2

15.6

62.2

100.0

South-East

18.8

27.6

53.6

100.0

South Central

9.5

34.3

56.3

100.0

South-West

3.5

36.1

60.4

100.0

Some Totals Exceeded Or Exhausted The Sum Of Its Components For Rounding

Published on 13.04.2004

________________________

* For more information please enter the website of the National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria: http://www.nsi.bg